THE NORTHERN MOUNTAINS AND NORTHERN PLAINS (PART 6)

Good Morning Students
I hope you have read the pages that were mentioned in the last blog.
In our last class we learnt some important facts about The Northern Plains.
Today we will learn some more facts in detail.

By the end of the class you will be able to:

• Define basin, tributary, delta and floodplains.
• List the three river basins.
• Name the important cities that are situated in the Ganga Basin.

There are three large river basins (large low-lying area watered by a river and its tributaries) that form the Northern Plains.

• The Ganga Basin in the centre
• The Satluj Basin in the west
• The Brahmaputra basin in the east

These rivers cover a large area and form a network throughout the plains.

Let's discuss the Ganga Basin first.

THE GANGA BASIN

• The Ganga originates from the Gangotri Glacier (a slowly moving mass of ice).
• It flows through the states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal.
• River Yamuna is the main tributary (a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake).
• River Ganga meets River Yamuna at Allahabad(a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh).The meeting point is known as Sangam.

             

Sangam

In the picture above you can clearly see the two different colours of water. These are River Ganga and River Yamuna meeting at Sangam.

• The eastern part of the Ganga Basin receives more rainfall than the western part.
• Along with River Brahmaputra, the Ganga forms the world's largest delta (a nearly flat plain of alluvial deposit between branches of the mouth of a river) known as the Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta.

DELTA

• The river now splits into many rivers before entering the Bay of Bengal. 
• At its mouth, lies the dense Sunderban forest which is a natural habitat of the famous Royal Bengal Tiger.

• The Ganga Basin produces yields (supply) of Rice, Wheat, Jute and Sugarcane.
• Fishing, hydroelectricity generation and industries like cotton textile and sugar mills are supported by the river. The video below shows how hydroelectricity is generated.

• Cities like Delhi, Agra, Allahabad, Varanasi and Patna are situated here. These cities have a good network of roads and railways.
• The floodplains (an area of low-lying ground adjacent to a river, formed mainly of river sediments and subject to flooding) are used for rice, tea and jute farming.

Jute Farming In Floodplains

• In Assam, the floodplains form thick marshes where mining (the process of obtaining coal or other minerals from a mine) of petroleum(unrefined form of petrol) is done.
• The famous one-horned Rhinoceros are also found here.

Now it's time to do some written work. Let's open our notebook

and write the new words that we have learnt today.

1. basin - large low-lying area watered by a river and its

tributaries.

2. tributary - a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake.

3. delta - a nearly flat plain of alluvial deposit between

branches of the mouth of a river.

4. floodplains (an area of low-lying ground adjacent to a river,

formed mainly of river sediments and subject to flooding.

Homework:- Read pgs-26,27(The Ganga Basin).

That's all for today.

Stay safe. God Bless!!