THE NORTHERN MOUNTAINS AND THE NORTHERN PLAINS (PART 1)

Good Morning Students
Today we will begin with a new chapter - The Northern Mountains and The Northern Plains.

We already know that India is divided into six physical features and The Northern Mountains or The Himalayan Mountains are one of them.
Today we will learn about The Northern Mountains.

Upon completion of this topic, you will be able to:

• define a mountain, boundary and a mountain range.
• enumerate some important facts about The Himalayan Mountains.
• 
  

Mountains are areas of land that have risen high above the surrounding areas.

The picture below shows a mountainous region.

Points to remember:

• Mountainous regions have a cool climate throughout the year.
• Very high mountain peaks remain covered with snow around the year.
• The northern boundary (a border or line that marks the edge or limit of something) of our country is covered by mountains.

The Northern Mountains include the Himalayas, Karakoram and some hill ranges in the north-east. In this chapter we will  discuss only about The Himalayan Mountains.

Here are some important facts to know:

⇨ Himalayas are the highest and one of the longest mountain ranges in the world.

⇨ In India, it stretches in a curve from Jammu and Kashmir in the west to Arunachal Pradesh in the east. The blue colour in the map below shows The Himalayan Mountains.

⇨ The Himalayan Mountains separate India and China through a natural boundary.

India - China Border

⇨ Some of the highest peaks in the world are in the Himalayas, namely Mount Everest, Mt. K2, Kanchenjunga.

The Himalayas are divided into three parallel(lying or moving in the same direction but always the same distance apart) ranges:

• The Greater Himalayas, called Himadri.
• The Middle or Lesser Himalayas, called Himanchal.
• The Outer Himalayas, called Shiwaliks.

We will discuss the Himadri, Himanchal and Shiwalik in detail in our next blog.

Now let's write these words neatly in our notebook.

Mountains :- areas of land that have risen high above the surrounding areas.

Boundary :- a border or line that marks the edge or limit of something.

Range :- a series of mountains.

Parallel :- lying or moving in the same direction but always the same distance apart.

That's all for today.

Take care. God Bless!!

OUR NATIONAL SYMBOLS (PART 5)

OUR NATIONAL SYMBOLS (PART 5)

Good Morning Students.
Let's take a look at the answers of the questions given in the previous blog.  

1. Who wrote the national anthem of India?

Ans. Rabindranath Tagore

2. The national flag of India is known as______

Ans. Tiranga

3. The colour white on our national flag stands for______

Ans. Peace and truth

4. Satyameva Jayate means _______

Ans. Truth alone triumphs

5. ________ is our national heritage animal.

Ans. Indian Elephant

Answer the following:- (to be done in the notebook)

Q.1 Name any four national symbols of India.

Ans. National flag-Tiranga

        National Emblem- The Lion capital

        National Animal- Royal Bengal tiger

        National Bird- Peacock

Q.2 When is the national anthem sung?

Ans. The national anthem is sung on national days, functions and events of national importance to pay tribute to our country.

Q.3 Describe what colours of the national flag symbolise. Explain the importance of the flag.

Ans. Our national flag consists of three horizontal bands of the same size.

a) The saffron band at the top symbolises courage and sacrifice.

b) The white band is in the middle symbolises honesty, purity and peace.

c) The green band at the bottom represents prosperity.

d) The navy blue wheel in the centre of the flag has 24 spokes. It represents the Dharma Chakra and symbolises righteousness.

The national flag symbolises our country and our pride. It is hoisted on both government and private buildings, offices and public places. It is hoisted on national days like the Independence day and the Republic day.

Q.4. Write in brief about the national song of India.

Ans. Our national song is Vande Mataram. It was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. It was composed in Sanskrit. 

Q.5 What is the national emblem of India? Where it was adopted from?

Ans. The Lion Capital is the national emblem of India. It was adapted from the Ashokan Pillar at Sarnath.

Q.6 Name some plants and animals that have been adopted as national symbols of India. Does this benefit the species? How?

Ans. The banyan tree and lotus are the plants which have been adopted as national symbols of India. 

The Royal bengal tiger, Indian elephant, the Ganga River dolphin are the animals which have been adopted as national symbols of India.

'Project Tiger' is one such initiative taken by the government of India in 1973 to conserve our national animal, the tiger. The project aims at stopping the killing of wild animals, illegal trading of their body parts.

Complete your work and learn all the questions and answers given. 

That's all for today.
Stay safe. God Bless!!

OUR NATIONAL SYMBOLS (PART 4)

Good Morning
Welcome back boys!! 

Let's have a quick recap of the lesson!

(Copy the following table in your notebook)

1. Our National Flag 2. Our National Anthem 3.Our National Song 4.Our National Emblem 5.Our National Animal 6. Our National Bird 7. Our National Flower 8. Our National Heritage Animal 9. Our National River  10. Our National Aquatic animal 11. Our National Tree 12. Our National fruit

The Tiranga Jana Gana Mana Vande Mataram The Lion Capital The Royal Bengal Tiger The Peacock The lotus The Indian elephant The Ganga The Ganga River dolphin The Banyan tree Mango

Fill in the blanks:- (To be done in the notebook)

1. Our national anthem is Jana Gana Mana.

2. Our national song was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee.

3. Our national anthem is adapted from the Ashokan Pillar in Sarnath.

4. Our national emblem is the Lion Capital.

5. The Ganga River dolphin is our national aquatic animal.



Choose the correct answer. (to be done in reader)

1. Who wrote the national anthem of India?
a) Mahatma Gandhi   b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) King Ashoka  d) Rabindranath Tagore

2. The national flag of India is known as______
a) Tiranga    b) Trikona  c)Trishades  d)Trishades

3. The colour white on our national flag stands for______
a)courage b) peace & truth c) sacrifice d) beauty

4. Satyameva Jayate means _______
    a) truth alone triumphs  b) truth may win c) truth may not win  d) truth never wins

5. ________ is our national heritage animal.
   a)Barking deer  b) Dolphin   c) Indian elephant
   d) Royal Bengal tiger

Try to do this on your own, answers will be shared in the next class. Take care!!

NATIONAL SYMBOLS (PART 3)

Good Morning everyone!!

Today we'll learn about the National Emblem and other national symbols.

National Emblem

The Lion Capital is the national emblem of India. It was adapted from the Ashokan Pillar at Sarnath. It has four lions (one is hidden from view) facing four directions. These lions back to back are mounted on a circular abacus has four Chakras and sculptures of a lion, a bull an elephant and a horse between them.
The words satyameva jayate (truth alone triumphs) are inscribed below the base of the emblem. 
The emblem forms a part of all official government documents like identification documents, passport, voter ID and currency of India.

Other National Symbols

Some other national symbols are listed below.

• The Royal Bengal Tiger is our national animal. It represents power and strength. 

• The peacock is our national bird. It is a symbol of beauty and grace.

• The lotus is our national flower. It represents dignity, wealth and knowledge.

• The Indian elephant is our national heritage animal.

• The Ganga is our national river.

• The Ganga River dolphin is our national aquatic animal.

• The banyan tree is our national tree.

• Mango is our national fruit.

** The national symbols of a country give its citizens a sense of belonging to the country and unite them irrespective of their caste, creed and religion. It is thus essential for us to respect and preserve them**

Let's write some new words in the notebook.

1. Emblem- picture with a motto

2. Triumph- a great victory or achievement

3. Sculptures- the art of making figures or objects from stone, wood, clay etc.

4. Inscribed- to write or cut (carve) words on something.

5. Symbol- a thing used for or regarded as representing something else.

6. National- something relating to or maintained by a nation.

That's all for today! Do read the chapter and learn the new words. 😊

OUR NATIONAL SYMBOLS (PART 2)

Good morning boys!!

Today we'll learn about our national song and national anthem. Let's start reading the chapter.....

National Anthem

Our national anthem is Jana Gana Mana.  The national anthem is sung on national days, functions and events of national importance to pay tribute to our country.

                         RABINDRANATH TAGORE

 Jana Gana Mana was composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore and was adopted as our national anthem on 24th January 1950.

Let's watch and learn :-

It is also important to understand the meaning of our national anthem, let's watch to understand:-

** When you sing the national anthem or hear it being sung, always show respect by standing in attention.**

NATIONAL SONG

Our national song is Vande Mataram . It was composed by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in Sanskrit.

BANKIM CHANDRA CHATTERJEE

Let's watch and learn:-

Now, we will understand the meaning of our national song by watching a the clip below :

Alright!! So you all will learn the national anthem and the song by heart. This is your homework for today. 

We will be learning about our National Emblem and  Other National Symbols in our next class.

That's all for today.

Take Care. God Bless!!

OUR NATIONAL  SYMBOLS (PART 1)

Good Morning Students.

Today we will start a new chapter. So let's get ready!

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to :-

•  identify what our national symbols are.
•  know about our National Symbols.
•  recognise our National flag and its importance.
•  learn about our National Anthem & National song.
•  understand and identify our National Emblem.

Look at the picture below and write what you think it represents in the reader. (do it in your rough notebook if you do not have the reader)

Yes, this is our National flag . This is India's national flag. Every country has its own national symbols. A national symbol represents a country. These are observed in places and objects like government offices, documents, stamps, currency notes and coins.

Let's learn about the national symbols of India.

 OUR NATIONAL FLAG

Our national flag is called the Tiranga or Tricolour. The rectangular flag has three horizontal bands of the same size.

*The saffron band at the top symbolises courage  and sacrifice.
*The white band is in the middle symbolises honesty, purity and peace.
* The green symbolises prosperity.
* There is a navy blue wheel at the centre with 24 spokes. It represents the Dharma Chakra and symbolises righteousness.

Let's write and understand the meaning of few words.

                  New words (to be written in the C.W copy)

1. Courage- the ability to control fear.
2. Sacrifice- giving up something important or valuable.
3. Honesty- being truthful
4. Peace- freedom from disturbances
5. Prosperity- growth
6. Righteousness- being morally right

The national flag symbolizes our country and our pride. It is hoisted on both government and private buildings, offices and public places. We follow a set of rules when the national flag is hoisted. (hoisted means an act of raising or lifting something) It is hoisted on national days like the Independence Day and the Republic Day. Our Independence is celebrated on 15th August and Republic day on 26th January.
Our national flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya who was a freedom fighter.

Let's watch a short clip-

That's all for today. Do learn the new words. We'll learn about the National Anthem and National song in the next class. 

Take care. God Bless!!